- Active pressure: The limiting pressure between the wall and soil produced when the relative wall/soil motion tends to allow the soil to expand horizontally.
- Anchor force: The reaction force (usually expressed per foot of wall) that the anchor must provide to the wall.
- Anchor: A device or structure that, by interacting with the soil or rock, generates the required anchor force.
- Anchorage: A mechanical assemblage consisting of wales, tie rods, and anchors that supplement soil support for an anchored wall.
- Anchored wall: A sheet pile wall which derives its support from a combination of interaction with the surrounding soil and one (or more) mechanical devices which inhibit motion at an isolated point(s). The design procedures described in this manual are limited to a single level of anchorage.
- At-rest pressure: The horizontal in situ earth pressure when no horizontal deformation of the soil occurs.
- Backfill: A generic term applied to the material on the retained side of the wall.
- Cantilever wall: A sheet pile wall that derives its support solely through interaction with the surrounding soil.
- Classical design procedures: A process for evaluating the soil pressures, required penetration, and design forces for cantilever or single anchored walls assuming limiting states in the wall/soil system.
- Dredge line: A generic term applied to the soil surface on the dredge side of a retaining or floodwall.
- Dredge side: A generic term referring to the side of a retaining wall with the lower soil surface elevation or to the side of a floodwall with the lower water elevation.
- Factor of safety:
- Factor of safety for rotational failure of the entire wall/soil system (mass overturning) is the ratio of available resisting effort to driving effort.
- Factor of safety (strength reduction factor) applied to soil strength parameters for assessing limiting soil pressures in Classical Design Procedures.
- Structural material factor of safety is the ratio of limiting stress (usually yield stress) for the material to the calculated stress.
- Floodwall: A cantilevered sheet pile wall whose primary function is to sustain a difference in water elevation from one side to the other. In concept, a floodwall is the same as a cantilevered retaining wall. A sheet pile wall may be a floodwall in one loading condition and a retaining wall in another.
- Foundation: A generic term applied to the soil on either side of the wall below the elevation of the dredge line.
- I-wall: A special case of a cantilevered wall consisting of sheet piling in the embedded depth and a monolithic concrete wall in the exposed height.
- Multiple anchored wall: Anchors are attached to the wall at more than one elevation.
- Passive pressure: The limiting pressure between the wall and soil produced when the relative wall/soil motion tends to compress the soil horizontally.
- Penetration: The depth to which the sheet piling is driven below the dredge line.
- Retained side: A generic term referring to the side of a retaining wall with the higher soil surface elevation or to the side of a floodwall with the higher water elevation.
- Retaining wall: A sheet pile wall (cantilever or anchored) that sustains a difference in soil surface elevation from one side to the other. Excavation, dredging, backfilling, or a combination may produce the change in soil surface elevations.
- Sheet pile wall: A row of interlocking, vertical pile segments driven to form an essentially straight wall whose plan dimension is sufficiently large that its behaviour may be based on a typical unit (usually 1 foot) vertical slice.
- Single anchored wall: Anchors are attached to the wall at only one elevation.
- Soil-structure interaction: A process for analysing wall/soil systems in which compatibility of soil pressures and structural displacements are enforced.
- Tie rods: Parallel bars or tendons that transfer the anchor force from the anchor to the wales.
- Wales: Horizontal beam(s) attached to the wall to transfer the anchor force from the tie rods to the sheet piling.
- Wall height: The length of the sheet piling above the dredge line.
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